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An intraocular lens (IOL) implant is an artificial lens used to replace the eye's natural lens during cataract surgery or for vision correction. The natural lens may be removed when it becomes cloudy due to cataracts, leading to impaired vision. The IOL is typically made of silicone, acrylic, or other biocompatible materials and is designed to mimic the focusing power of the natural lens, allowing light to be properly focused onto the retina for clear vision. There are various types of IOLs, including monofocal, multifocal, and toric lenses, which can correct different vision problems such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and presbyopia. The primary cause for an IOL implant is cataract removal, but they may also be used in refractive lens exchange to correct severe refractive errors when other options, like glasses or contact lenses, are not suitable. While IOL implantation is generally safe and effective, potential complications can occur. These include infection, inflammation, bleeding, and increased intraocular pressure. There is also a risk of posterior capsule opacification (PCO), where the membrane behind the lens implant becomes cloudy, potentially requiring a minor laser procedure to restore clear vision. In rare cases, complications such as dislocation of the IOL, retinal detachment, or endophthalmitis (a severe eye infection) can occur. Most patients experience significant improvement in vision after IOL implantation, but it is essential to follow the surgeon's postoperative instructions and attend follow-up appointments to monitor healing and optimize outcomes.